Poly blue electroluminescence

Y Ohmori, M Uchida, K Muro, and K Yoshino, Blue electroluminescent diodes utilizing poly (alkylfluorene), Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 30 L1941-L1943, 1991. 

M Uchida, Y Ohmori, C Morishima, and K Yoshino, Visible and blue electroluminescent diodes utilizing poly(3-alkylthiophene)s and poly(alkylfluorene)s, Synth. Met., 55-57 4168-4173, 1993. 

C Zhang, H von Seggern, K Pakbaz, B Kraabel, H-W Schmidt, and AJ Heeger, Blue electroluminescent diodes utilizing blends of poly(p-phenylphenylene vinylene) in poly(9-vinylcarbazole), Synth. Met., 62 35—40, 1994. 

T. Ahn, M.S. Jang, H.-K. Shim, D.-H. Hwang, and T. Zyung, Blue electroluminescent polymers control of conjugation length by kink linkages and substituents in the poly(p-phenylene vinylene)-related copolymers, Macromolecules, 32 3279-3285, 1999. 

K.S. Whitehead, M. Grell, D.D.C. Bradley, M. Jandke, and P. Strohriegl, Highly polarized blue electroluminescence from homogeneously aligned films of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene), Appl. Phys. Lett., 76 2946-2948, 2000. 

M. Hamaguchi, H. Sawada, J. Kyokane, and K. Yoshino, Blue electroluminescence from poly (p-phenylene) solubilized by perfluoropropylation, Chem. Lett., 25 527-528, 1996. 

G. Leising, S. Tasch, F. Meghdadi, L. Athouel, G. Froyer, and U. Scherf, Blue electroluminescence with ladder-type poly(p-phenylene) and p-hexaphenyl, Synth. Met., 81 185-189, 1996. 

J Kido, K Hongawa, K Okuyama, and K Nagai, Bright blue electroluminescence from poly (V-vinylcarbazole), Appl. Phys. Lett., 63 2627-2629, 1993. 

Blue electroluminescent polymers and electroluminescent device were prepared by Sohn et al. (5) using poly(dioctylfluorene-co-indolocarbazole), (V). 

Bright blue electroluminescent devices have been fabricated using poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (POF) as an emissive layer, PPV as a hole-transporting layer, tetra-n-butylammonium tetrafluoroborate as a dopant, and a lithium-aluminum alloy as a cathode. ... 

Thiinemann, A.F. 1999. Nanostructured dihexadecyldimethylammonium-poly(l,4-phenylene-ethynylene-carboxylate) An ionic complex with blue electroluminescence. Adv Mater 11 127. 

Tachelet, W., Jacobs, S., Ndayikengurukiye, H., Geise, H. J., and Gmner, J., Blue electroluminescent devices with high quantum efficiency from alkoxy-substituted poly(paraphenylenevinylene)-trimers in a polystyrene matrix, Appl. Phys. Lett., 64, 2364-2365 (1994). 

Dongge Ma, D.W., Hong, Z., Zhao, X., Jing, X., and Wang, F. (1997) Bright blue electroluminescent devices utilizing poly(N-vinyl carbazole) doped with fluorescent dye. Synth. Met., 91, 331-332. 

Blue emission can also be produced in different conjugated polymer systems. Blue electroluminescence has been reported in poly(p-phenylene) (PPP) [62], polyal-kylfluorene [63], fluorinated polyquinoline [64], and PPP-based ladder copolymers [65]. One problem that is found for the larger gap polymers is that although the... 

We have described the orientation of poly[2,7-(9,9-dioctyl)fluorene] on top of a rubbed poly(l,4-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) layer (Fig. 7.7) [33, 34]. Since PPV is a conjugated polymer itself the problems with the extremely good insulator polyimide, which is not well suited as a hole transport layer in OLEDs, are not present in such PLEDs. With an OLED setup consisting of ITO, a 30 nm thick rubbed PPV orientation layer, an annealed 70 nm PFO layer and a calcium top electrode we obtained blue electroluminescence with an orientation ratio of 25 1 parallel and perpendicular to the rubbing direction of the PPV. If a polythiophene... 

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