Polarization of the junction

It is possible, using an external energy source, to supply the system with electrical charges, which will push it towards a new equilibrium that, unlike the initial one, is not solely the result of the presence of donors and acceptors. The evolution of the equilibrium will depend on the nature of the introduced changes. The simplest case involves externally connecting the junction to a direct potential power supply. Positively polarizing the p-type material helps strengthen its p-type material characteristics. 

It boils down to extrinsically increasing the concentration of acceptors. From the n side, we can then observe an artificial increase in the concentration of donors. All of this leads to a reduction of the potential barrier, the width 1 of the SCR and the electric field. 

Conversely, a positive polarization of the n-type material increases the potential barrier, the width of the SCR and the electric field. 

COUPUT, Realisation d un dispositif de mesure du travail de sortie des electrons. Application a I etude des systanes dioxyde d etain - oxyg e et dioxyde d etain - dioxyde de soufre. Thesis, Grenoble, 1982. 

AIGRAIN, C. DUGAS, Adsorption sur les semi-conducteurs , Z. Elektrochimie, 56, 

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Here Vj, is the built-in potential (Fig. C.3). When an external potential is applied, two situations may develop. First, if the polarity of the applied potential follows the polarity of the junction (i.e., positive potential to p-type and negative to n-type) the junction is said to be forward biased and a current will flow. 

Figure 2.3.2 Types of liquid junctions. Arrows show the direction of net transfer for each ion, and their lengths indicate relative mobilities. The polarity of the junction potential is indicated in each case by the circled signs. [Adapted from J. J. Lingane, Electroanalytical Chemistry, 2nd ed., Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1958, p. 60, with permission.]...

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