Podisus Species

Carboxylesterases are responsible for the selective toxicity of malathion that favors mammals over insects. Carboxylesterase hydrolyzing trans-permethrin has been found in numerous insect species, including the fall armyworm, velvetbean caterpillar (Anticar-sia gemmatalis), cabbage looper (Trichoplnsia ni), tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens), corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea), and spined soldier bug (Podisus maculwentris) (Yu, 1990). 

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