Pigments processing

One area which requires special comment is a study (13) which showed that certain diaryUde pigments processed ia polymers above 200°C and particularly above 240°C decompose to give off 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine, an animal carciaogen. As a consequence diaryUde pigments (not, however, condensation disazo pigments) are not recommended for use ia any appHcations where they might be exposed to temperatures exceeding 200°C. 

G. E. Haddeland and S. Monkawa, Titanium Dioxide Pigment, Process Economics Program Report No. 117, Stanford Research Institute International, Menlo Park, Calif., 1978. 

Fillers Flame retardants Pigments Processing aids... 

Dichlorobenzidine is currently used in the produetion of insoluble dyes and pigments. Almost all 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine is now manufaetured outside the United States and is imported for on-site processing or for use as a reaetant to synthesize pigments. Processing means preparing a chemieal after its manufacture for commereial distribution either as the same physieal eompound, in a different form or physical state, or as part of another artiele (for instance, a mixture) eontaining the chemical (40 CFR 372.3). 

Grindstones, pigment processing Massive use of ochre Earliest possible date for beads... 

Trade Name Synonyms Crosilkquat [Croda Inc http //www.croda.com, Croda Oleochems.] N-Coco dipropylene triamine CAS 91771-18-5 EINECS/ELINCS 294-908-6 Synonyms Amines, N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-cocoalkyltrimethylenedi- Coco triamine Classification Alkyl triamine Formula R-NH-(CH2)3-NH-(CH2)3-NH2, R rep. alkyl straight chain mainly C8-C18 Uses Emulsifier for bitumen antistripping agent for roadmaking pigment processing aid dispersant intermediate Trade Name Synonyms Triameen C [Akzo Nobel Surf. Chem. AB... 

Table 14.4. Deviation in part waii thickness for moldings obtained with a commercial plastisols containing 70 phr of DOP, 2 phr of thermal stabilizer, and 0.1 phr of pigment, processed at 230°C for 8 min at different rotation speeds...

Exposure to the outdoor environment affects not only the polymeric material itself but also other components within the matrix, such as dyes, pigments, processing additives, and stabilizers. Complex interactions of the combination of weather factors with the polymer and its components result in irreversible changes in the chemical structures and physical properties in a direction that generally changes both the appearance and mechanical properties and reduces the useful life of the material. Most organic polymeric materials require the use of one or more types of stabilizers for protection against the effects of the environment in order... 

Wille et al. [20] reported on further application progress after realization of a pilot plant with a 10tyear output. The authors confirmed how efficiently microdevices work both in the laboratory and on the pilot-plant scale. The absence of classical scaling-up effects can be confirmed by reproducing two pigment process... 

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