Piezoelectric method

The piezoelectric method should be noted as another technique for measuring the pzc. Introduced by Clavilier and Huong,213 and used by Bard et a/.,214 215 the piezoelectric method has been used more recently by Seo etal 16 and Dickinson etal.211... 

Fabrication by inkjet/piezoelectric methods (indirect-deposition approach)... 

Refs l)Marshall 2 (1917), 441-49 (Closed bombs and pressure measuring devices of Rodman, Noble Abel, Bichel and Petavel) 2)D.A.Keys, PhilMag 1921, 473-88 (A piezoelectric method for measuring expln pressures) 3)J C.Karcher, USBurStandards Scient Paper No 445 (Part of Vol 18) (1922)... 

A piezoelectric method for instantaneous measurement of high pressures) 4)E.Burlot,... 

Other methods proposed in the literature are, e.g., the piezoelectric method [vi-x], the exten-someter method [xi-xii], and the meniscus-rise technique [i.xiii]. 

The experimental values reported for the differential vapor pressure, gravimetric sorption, and piezoelectric methods are the weight fraction of solvent in the polymer solution and the pressure of the solvent vapors in equilibrium with the polymer solution. Differential vapor pressure measurements are performed by adding a known amount of solvent to a weighed polymer sample and measuring the vapor pressure of the solvent over the polymer solution (Bawn et al., 1950). 

The excitation can be realized by electrostatic, electromagnetic, or piezoelectric methods. The detection is carried out by capacitive, piezoelectric, or piezoresistive techniques. The principle of vibrating gyroscopes can be traced back to Foucault s pendulum in 1851. There are numerous design possibilities for the construction of vibrating gyroscopes [1-5, 9] Fig. 7.2.1 shows one principle. 

Differential pulse polarography of water containing trace amounts of Ag(I) and Au(III), in the presence of 0.1 M ammonium tartrate as supporting electrolyte and 0.001% gelahn as maximum suppressor, gave a unique peak for both ions at = —0.08 V vs standard calomel electrode. On addition of EDTA the signal could be resolved into two peaks, one at —0.04 V and the other at —0.2 V for silver and gold, respechvely. A piezoelectric method based on electrolytic deposition was described for Ag(I). ... 

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