Pierre shale

Shurr, G.W. "The Pierre Shale, Northern Great Plains a Potential Isolation Medium for Radioactive Waste", U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-776, 1977. 

PawPaw Formation Calcareous marl East Texas, USA Pepper Shale East Texas, USA Pierre Shale South Dakota, USA 29 samples Phosphatic pebbles and cements Dover Sandstone, Pensacola Mountains, Antarctica Phosphorite (typical values)... 

Figure 4 Sulfur isotope summary for black shales from the Pierre Shale of the Cretaceous Western Interior, North America (Gautier, 1986, 1987), and the Jurassic Posidonienschiefer and Jet Rock (Raiswell et al., 1993). For comparison, the maximum fractionation observed in the Posidonienschiefer by Fisher and Hudson (1987) is also shown. The isotopically uniform and strongly S-depleted pyrites of the Jurassic shales and the Cretaceous Sharon Springs Member of the Pierre Shale—like the sediments of the modern Black Sea and Cariaco Basin (Figure 7)—are diagnostic of euxinic (water-column) pyrite formation (see Section 7.06.3.4.2). By contrast, the Cretaceous Gammon Shale shows the S enrichments and broad range of 6 S values possible under oxic depositional conditions (Gautier, 1986, 1987).

Bentonite in the Sharon Springs Member of the Pierre Shale of Cretaceous age 112)... 

Mineralogy and Chemical Composition of the Pierre Shale in South Dakota and Adjacent Parts of North Dakota, Nebraska, Wyoming, and Montana, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper (1960) 400-B, B447-B452. 

Tourtelot, H.A., Huffman, C., Rader, L.P., 1964. Cadmium in samples of the Pierre shale and some equivalent stratigrahic units. Great Plains region. US Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 475-D, 73-78. 

Schultz, L. G., 1964. Quantitative Interpretation of Mineralogical Composition from X-ray and Chemical Data for the Pierre Shale. U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof Paper 391-C, 31 pp. 

Clayton J. L. and Bostick N. H. (1986) Temperature effects on kerogen and on molecular and isotopic composition of organic matter in Pierre Shale near an igneous dyke. Org. Geochem. 10, 135-143. 

Tow Law Kirkheaton Wrexham (weathered) Bearpaw Shale+ Bearpaw Shale+ (weathered) Pierre Shale Pierre Shale (weathered)... 

Fig. 2. Columnar section for the Wattenberg area of the Denver Basin. The primary source rocks are the shales and limestones of the Dakota Group, Benton Group, and Niobrara Formation. The most important hydrocarbon reservoirs are the Dakota J Sandstone and the Hygiene and Terry sandstones of the Middle Pierre Shale. The Lyons Sandstone, Codell Sandstone of the Benton Group, and limestone of the Niobrara Formation also produce hydrocarbons...

Source rock analyses were made for the Niobrara Formation and the Carlile Shale because of the paucity of data available in public domain literature. The Niobrara in the Wattenberg area is a black shaley limestone and is the richest source rock in the basin. Source rock data used in calculations presented later in this chapter are shown in Table 1. Only analyses made on core samples were used except for the Pierre Shale where a lack of cores necessitated the use of data derived from outcrops and drill cuttings. 

No source rock analyses TOC was assumed to be the same as M. U. Pierre Shale. Includes data from outcrops and drill cuttings. 

Even using the conservative approach discussed above, the majority of the porosity in sandstones in this portion of the Denver Basin is secondary in origin (Fig. 7). Mean values for the percentage of secondary porosity grouped stratigraphically are Fox Hills, 74% sandstones in the Middle Pierre Shale, 78% Codell, 100% Dakota J, 53% and Lyons, 56%. 

Carbonate cement/replacement in sandstones of the Denver Basin is most commonly ferroan calcite based on staining techniques. Dolomite may occur, but is volumetrically unimportant except in the Fox Hills Formation where dolomite (mean of 6.7vol%) is more common than ferroan calcite (mean of 4.5vol%). Ferroan calcite averages 2.8vol% for sandstones of the Middle Pierre Shale compared with less than 1 vol% for dolomite. Sandstones in the two Codell cores are quite different in terms of the amount of ferroan calcite cement, but average 2.1vol% with no dolomite. The Dakota J Sandstone has only trace amounts of ferroan calcite and dolomite cement. The Lyons Sandstone contains trace amounts of calcite and no dolomite. 

White et al. (1983) published the results of an analysis of Pierre shale elastic anisotropy. A transverse isotropy was assumed and the vertical compressional and shear wave velocity and the anisotropy coefficients have been calculated for depth sections. 

White, J.E., Martineau-Nicoletis, L., Monash, C., 1983. Measured anisotropy in Pierre shale. Geophys. Prospect. 31 (5), 709-725. 

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