Photomultiplier tubes microchannel plate

In this final section, we summarize the operation and characteristics of the principal vacuum tube and solid state detectors that are available for red/near-IR fluorescence studies. These include conventional photomultipliers, microchannel plate versions, streak cameras, and various types of photodiodes. Detector applicability to both steady-state and time-resolved studies will be considered. However, emphasis will be placed on photon counting capabilities as this provides the ultimate sensitivity in steady-state fluorescence measurements as well as permitting lifetime studies. 

H. Kume, T. Taguchi, K. Nakatsugawa, K. Ozawa, S. Suzuki, R. Samuel, Y. Nishimura and I. Yamazaki, Compact ultrafast microchannel plate photomultiplier tubes, in Time-Resolved Laser Spectroscopy in Biochemistry III (I. R. Lakowicz, ed.), Proc. SPIE 1640 440-447 (1992). 

Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., R3809U-50 series MicroChannel plate photomultiplier tube (MCP-PMTs) (2001)... 

Table 4.1. Transit Time Spreads (TTS) of Conventional and MicroChannel Plate (MCP) Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs) ...

A sensitive light detector that can rapidly and repeatedly be activated and inactivated is an ideal detector for time-resolved measurement of luminescence intensity. Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) in its variants and microchannel plates (MCPs) are detectors that fill these requirements to a large extent - and in practice the only... 

Other, faster detectors that can be used in place of a conventional PMT include microchannel plate photomultiplier tubes (MCP-PMTs) (31) and streak cameras (37). Because of their expense, the use of these devices is usually confined to home built fluorimeters foimd in dedicated fluorescence laboratories, and is therefore not discussed here. 

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