Photoluminescence and Electroluminescence from Organic Materials

Electroluminescence from organic materials was first discovered using solid anthracene crystals immersed in a liquid electrolyte. Very high voltages, e.g. 400-2000 V, were necessary in order to observe electroluminescence partly due 

The first reports of electroluminescence from an organic polymer failed to attract much attention. However, the report of electroluminescence from poly(/ -phenylenevinylene) (PPV) by researchers from the Cavendish laboratory in Cambridge, and later from a related derivative by researchers from 

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The photoluminescence of polyaniline has been studied as a function of the polymer redox state. It was stated that each of the three PANI species have fluorescent emissions with different quantum yields. When conductive domains are present, the emission fi-om excitons located either inside these domains or near to them is efficiently quenched [40], Organic electroluminescent devices (LED s) are a possible alternative to liquid crystal displays and cathodic tubes, especially for the development of large displays. The principal setup for a polymeric LED is ITO/light-emitting polymer/metal. A thin ITO electrode on a transparent glass or polymeric substrate serves as the anode, while metals such as Al, Ca or Mg are used as cathode materials. After applying an electric field, electrons and holes are injected into the polymer. The formation of e /h" " pairs leads to the emission of photons. One of most important opportunities to follow from the use of poly-... 

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