Phosphine-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization

This reaction has been modified for various conditions, such as the application of microwave irradiation and the application of phosphine-containing polymer prepared from the ruthenium-catalyzed ring-opening metathesis polymerization of the norbornene. Most importantly, this reaction has been extended to the coupling of primary or secondary alkyl halides with aryl, vinyl, and even alkyl halide (or tosylate) 31,3o,3p,3y,3dd,3nn,4v,4x,6... 

Catalytic Reactions under Platinum Catalysis. Phosphine-free platinum complexes catalyze the ring-opening polymerization of 1,1-dimethylsilacyclobutane (eq 5). In contrast, with phosphine as a ligand for platinum catalysts, dimerization of 1,1-dimethylsilacyclobutane proceeds to produce 1,5-disila-l,1,5,5-tetramethylcyclooctane (eq 6). The reaction intermediate is a five-membered silaplatinacycle generated by the oxidative addition of 1,1-dimethylsilacyclobutane to the zerovalent platinum. 

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