Phenylglyoxalic acid

J. Houben obtained methane, etc., by the action of magnesium alkyl haloids on the hydrazines the action of zinc ethyl and magnesium alkyl haloids on hydrazine has been studied by R. L. Krause the action of mono- and di- chloroacetic acids, by Jit. Busch and E. Meussdorffer ethyl chloroacetate, by A. Reissert and W. Kayser, and M. Busch and eo-workers phenylglyoxalic acid, by A. Elbers dinitrophenylhydrazine, by T. Curtius and M. Mayer ethyl dinitrobenzoate, by T. Curtius and A. Riedel dinitrobenzoic add, by T. Curtius and H. E. Bollenbach nitro- and amido-phthalhydrazides, by T. Curtius and A. Hoesch formaldehyde, by E. Riegler, and E. Rimini carbonyl compounds, by... 

A procedure for the synthesis of semicarbazone from phenylglyoxalic acid was studied.[2]... 

A number of low molecular weight products, for example, benzaldehyde, formic acid, formaldehyde, phenylglyoxal, phenylglyoxalic acid, and carbon dioxide, were identified among the products of thermal decomposition of the ozonides. A determination of the detailed structure of the polymer is possible from the qualitative analysis of these decomposition products. 

The electrochemical reductions of prochiral carbonyl compounds like acetophenone and other carbonyl compounds in the presence of a number of alkaloids as chiral inductors have been described Thus, the reduction of phenylglyoxalic acid into mandelic acid was studied on a Hg cathode in the presence of a number of optically active alkaloids and other compounds which were strongly adsorbed on the cathode (strichnine, brucine, nicotine) and weakly adsorbed on the cathode (codeine, morphine) It was foimd that ee values increased with increasing adsorption of depolarizing molecules on the cathode, and the maximal ee was found in the presence of strychnine ee was 22% at 0°C). 

Analogous to the reduction of phenylglyoxalic acid, strichnine proved to be moderately effective in the reduction of the oxime of this acid... 

A graphite electrode modified chemically with L-phenylalanine gave an ee of 9.7% in the reduction of phenylglyoxalic acid into mandelic acid and an ee of 2.5% in the oxidation of methyl / -tolyl sulfide into its sulfoxide Later this oxidation reaction was improved... 

Bouveault found that ethoxalyl chloride condenses with benzene and alkylbenzenes in the presence of anhydrous aluminum chloride to give esters of phenylglyoxalic acids in yields generally in excess of 70%. These could be hydrolyzed and de-carboxylated to the corresponding aldehydes (Eq 1.24). 

Oxa- and Thia-diazines.—Intramolecular cyclodehydration of phenylglyoxalic acid benzohydrazide [PhC0NHN=C(Ph)C02H] with dicyclohexylcarbodi-imide in THF, or with a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid and trifluoroacetic anhydride, yields 2,5-diphenyl-6-oxo-l,3,4-oxadiazine (359), a synthetically useful diaza-diene. For example, with ynamines, regiospecific cyclo-addition of the nucleophilic /S-carbon of the ynamine with the electrophilic C-2 of the oxazinone yields adduct (360) and hence, by loss of nitrogen, the a-pyrone (361). The annelated a -pyrone (362), from benzyne and the oxadiazinone (359), is itself a diene, and reacts further with the dienophile to give ultimately 9,10-diphenyl-anthracene. 

When small amounts of substances which are adsorbed on the electrode are added to the solution the surface component of the kinetic current decreases [65]. For such a system the form of the i - t curves was calculated theoretically and was found to be in agreement with the limiting kinetic current observed for the i — t curves in buffered solutions of phenylglyoxalic acid with very small amounts of polyvinyl alcohol and triton X-102. The variation of half-wave potential (for the case where the electron transfer is retarded by adsorbed surface-active substances) with increase in the degree of surface coverage was calculated [65], with allowance for the change in ip I potential. The relationships obtained were applied to the changes in E0 reduction wave of maleic acid in the presence of amyl... 

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