Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase promoter

Bevan, M., Shufflebottom, D., Edwards, K., Jefferson, R. Schuch, W. (1989). Tissue and cell-specific activity of a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase promoter in transgenic plants. The EM BO Journal 8, 1899-1906. 

Ohl, S., Hedrick, S.A., Chory, J. Lamb C.J. (1990). Functional properties of a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase promoter from Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 2, 837-48. 

Fig. 1. Simplified diagram of the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways. Enzymes that catalyze the reactions are placed on the left-hand side, and transcription factors on the right-hand side of the arrows. Both transcription factors for which their control over the enzymatic steps has been genetically proven, as well as transcription factors that have been shown to interact with promoters of the structural genes, are shown. PAL Phenylalanine ammonia lyase C4H cinnamate 4-hydroxylase 4CL 4-coumaroyl-coenzyme A ligase CHS chalcone synthase CHI chalcone-flavanone isomerase F3H flavanone 3(3-hydroxylase DFR dihydroflavonol 4-reductase AS anthocyanin synthase UFGT UDP glucose-flavonol glucosyl transferase RT anthocyanin rhamnosyl transferase...

Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 44, 3668-3688, 2005 Kent, M. and Tepe, J.J., One-pot Friedel-Crafts/ Robinson-Gabriel synthesis of oxazoles using oxazolone templates, J. Org. Chem. 70, 4211 213, 2005 Movassaghi, M. and Ondrus, A.E., Enantioselective total synthesis of tricyclic myrmicarin alkaloids, Org. Lett. 7, 4423 426, 2005 Paizs, C., Katona, A., and Retey, J., The interaction of heteroaryl-acrylates and alanines with phenylalanine ammonia-lyase form parsley. Chemistry 12, 2739-2744, 2006. Cuprous ions have been observed to promote a Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction (Kozikowski, A.P. and Ames, A., Copper(l) promoted acylation reactions. A transition metal-mediated version of the Friedel-Crafts reaction, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 102, 860-862, 1980). 

Promotive effect of gibberellic acid on anthocya-nidin synthesis phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activation or membrane associated effects IXT International Conference on plant growth substances, Lausanne (Switzerland) (1976) ... 

Takeda, J., Ozeki, Y, and Yoshida, K., Action spectrum for induction of promoter activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene by UV in carrot suspension cells, Photochem. Photohiol, 66, 464-470, 1999. 

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