Phenyl- hydroxyacetic acid

Phenyl-(a-thienyl)hydroxyacetic acid 2-Diethylaminoethyl chloride Methyl bromide... 

Phenyl-(a-thienyl)hydroxyacetic acid (4.86 g), 2-diethylaminoethyl chloride (2.85 g) and 75 ml of isopropyl alcohol were refluxed for 15 h. After the addition of 50 ml of absolute alcohol to the cold mixture, it was treated with Norite (activated charcoal) at room temperature, filtered, and the solvents removed under reduced pressure. The residue crystallised when triturated with absolute ether. After recrystallisation from absolute alcohol, the phenyl-(a-thienyl)hydroxyacetate of 2-diethylaminoethyl hydrochloride melted at 181-182°C. 

Rule-based or systematic nomenclature (e.g., International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry [IUPAC] or CAS nomenclature) is based on a set of linguistic rules that apply to its structure. For example, the IUPAC and CAS names for mandelic acid are 2-phenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid and benzeneacetic acid, a-hydroxy-, respectively. The number of possible systematic names is practically endless. A small, but not nearly exhaustive, set of other systematic names includes phenylglycolic acid, phe-nylhydroxyacetic acid, ( )-a-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid, ( )-a-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, ( )-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethanoic acid, ( )-Mandelic acid, (RS)-Mandelic acid, DL-Amygdalicacid,DL-Hydroxy(phenyl)aceticacid,DL-mandelicacid,paramandelic acid, a-hydroxy- a-toluic acid, a-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, a-hydroxybenzeneacetic... 

Dihydroxy-3,6-disulfo-2-naphthalenyl) azo]phenyl]-2-hydroxyacetic acid, D-00599 2-( 1,8-Dihydroxy-3,6-disulfo-2-naphthylazo) phenoxyacetic acid, D-00601... 

The name used by Chemical Abstracts for cyclandelate is a-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid, 3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexyl ester. It is also called mandelic acid, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl ester 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl mandelate 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl amygdalate and 3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexanol a-phenyl-a-hydroxyacetate. Trade names include, Cyclospasmol, Natil, Novodil, Perebral, and Spasmocyclon (1). The Chemical Abstracts number is 456-59-7. 

Our first approach [51] to azetidine-2,3-diones relies on the silatropic rearrangement of trimethylsilyl a-hydroxyacetates 87 into the thermodynamically more stable a-trimethylsilyloxyacetic acids 88. The [2 H- 2] cycloaddition step was carried out by means of phenyl dichlorophosphate reagent in yields being in the range 40-65%. Under these conditions, the P-lactam 91 was produced in 45% yield as the single cis isomer. To transform 91 into 93 dimethylbromosulphonium bromide-triethylamine system [52] furnished the desired a-keto P-lactam in 90% yield. 

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