Phenothiazinium dyes

Historically, most of the PS tested for their antimicrobial properties were already knovm to be effective for cancer treatment. They include the following classes of organic dyes porphyrin-related structures, phthalo-cyanines, phenothiazinium dyes, xanthylium dyes, and cationic fuller-enes (Dai et ah, 2009) (Table 3.3). 

Demidova, T. N. and Hamblin, M. R. (2005b). Photodynamic inactivation of Bacillus spores, mediated by phenothiazinium dyes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71, 6918-6925. 

Wainwright, M., Phoenix, D. A., Laycock, S. L., Wareing, D. R., and Wright, P. A. (1998). Photobactericidal activity of phenothiazinium dyes against methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. FEMS Lett. 160,177-181. 

Several newly synthesized dye-type phenothiazinium derivatives (see Fig. 10) were proposed as drugs having a significant antiparasitic activity against Plasmodium, Babesia, Toxoplasma, Trypanosoma, Onchocerca, Fi-laria, Leishmania, nematodes, plathelminthes and nemathelminthes [133]. However, up to now no other data are available on these compounds which were patented in 2001. 

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