Phenolics Pigments

C Powell, MN Clifford, SC Opie, MA Ford, A Robertson, CL Gibson. Tea cream formation the contribution of black tea phenolic pigments determined by HPLC. J Sci Food Agric 63 77-86, 1992. 

Theaflavate B, isotheaflavin-3 -0-gallate and theaflavin-3-O-gallate Three poly-phenolic pigments from black tea. Phytochemistry 49 2511-19. 

Outside the field of carbohydrates. Professor Wolfrom had a longstanding interest in the pigments occurring in the osage orange Maclura pomifera Raf.), a common hedge-tree found in Ohio. The chemical nature of two complex phenolic pigments present in the fruit of this plant was elucidated and a synthesis of their skeletal compo-... 

Hundreds of applications have been mentioned in the Zweig (1968) review acids, alkaloids, amino acids, antibiotics, antioxidants, food and feed additives, bases and amines, bile acids, carbonyls, dyes, enzymes, lipids, hydrocarbons, hormones, indoles, natural products, peptides, proteins, pesticides, plant growth regulators, pharmaceutical products, phenols, pigments (chlorophylls, xanthophylls, porphyrins, melanin, pterins, pteridines, anthocyanins, ilavonoids, etc.), polymers, purine and pyrimidine derivatives, quinones, RNA, DNA, organic sulfur compounds, steroids, sugars, toxins, vitamins, inorganic ions, and others. 

Venkataraman, K. Recent Work on Some Natural Phenolic Pigments. Recent Dev. Chem. Nat. Carbon Comp. 7, 39 (1976). 

Kirk, T.K., L.F. Lorenz, and M.J. Larsen Partial Characterisation of a Phenolic Pigment from Sporocarps of Phellinus igniarius. Phytochem. 14, 281 (1975). 

Arlorio M, Coi sson ID, Travaglia F, Varsaldi F, Miglio G, Lombardi G, Martelli A (2005) Antioxidant and biological activity of phenolic pigments from Theobroma cacao hulls extracted with supercritical CO2. Food Res hit 38(8-9) 1009-1014... 

Diaz Blanco C, Diaz Gonzalez M, Dagd Monmany M et al (2009) Dyeing properties, synthesis, isolation and characterization of an in situ generated phenolic pigment, covalently bound to cotton. Enzyme Microb Technol 44 380-385... 

Fig. 3.14 Synthesis of vinylpyranoanthocyanin-phenol pigments formed in red wines.

Stomatal and trichome initials known to accumulate poly-phenolic pigments, show high reducing activity towards silver nitrate, a larger part of which is obtained even after CuSO treatment. It has been suggested that a considerable part of the reducing activity may indeed be due... 

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