Phenanthrene Phanerochaete

Sutherland JB, AL Selby, JP Freeman, FE Evans, CE Cerniglia (1991) Metabolism of phenanthrene by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl Environ Microbiol 57 3310-3316. 

Although a number of white-rot fungi have been examined and shown to degrade PAHs (Field et al. 1992), greatest attention has probably been directed to Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Pleurotus ostreatus, and to the PAHs anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, and benzo[a]pyrene that will be used to illustrate the cardinal principles. A substantial fraction of PAHs may also be sorbed to the biomass—40% for phenanthrene and 22% for benzo[a]pyrene (Barclay et al. 1995). The degree of mineralization of PAHs by white-rot fungi may sometimes be quite low, for example, for Pleurotus ostreatus, yields were 3.0, 0.44, 0.19, and 0.19% for phenanthrene, pyrene, fluorene, and benzo[a]pyrene, respectively (Bezalel et al. 1996a). 

FIGURE 8.24 Alternative pathways for transformation of phenanthrene by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. (From Neilson, A.H. and Allard, A.-S. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, Springer, 1998. With permission.)... 

Hammel KE, WZ Gai, B Green, MA Moen (1992) Oxidative degradation of phenanthrene by the lignolytic fungus Phanerochaete chrysposporium. Appl Environ Microbiol 58 1832-1838. 

Moen MA, KE Hammel (1994) Lipid peroxidation by the manganese peroxidase of Phanerochaete chrysosporium is the basis for phenanthrene oxidation by the intact fungus. Appl Environ Microbiol 60 1956-1961. 

Tatarko M, JA Bumpus (1993) Biodegradation of phenanthrene by Phanerochaete chrysporium on the role of lignin peroxidase. Lett Appl Microbiol 17 20-24. 

Brodkorb TS, RL Legge (1992) Enhanced biodegradation of phenanthrene in soil tar-contaminated soils supplemented with Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl Environ Microbiol 58 3117-3121. 

Interestingly, phenanthrene, which is not a substrate for lignin peroxidase, is metabolized by Phanerochaete chrysosporium at the C-9 and C-10 positions to give... 

Dhawale, S. W., Dhawale, S. S. Dean-Ross, D. (1992). Degradation of phenanthrene by Phanerochaete chrysosporium occurs under ligninolytic as well as nonligninolytic conditions. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 58, 3000-6. 

Hammel, K. E., Gai, W. Z., Green, B. Moen, M. A. (1992). Oxidative degradation of phenanthrene by the ligninolytic fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 58, 1832-8. 

Metabolism of phenanthrene by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 57, 3310-16. 

Breitung J, Bruns-Nagel D, Steinbach K, Kaminski L, Gemsa D, von Low E (1996) Bioremediation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene-contaminated soils by two different aerated compost systems. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 44 795-800 Brodkorb TS, Legge RL (1992) Enhanced biodegradation of phenanthrene in oil-tar-contaminated soils supplied with Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl Environ Microbiol 58 3117-3121... 

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