Phenacaine

Pentazocine j, 297 2 325 Pentobarbital 1, 268 Pentomone 3, 2T8 PentoxphylTine 466 Pentyl enetetrazole 281 Perazine 1, 381 Pergolide 249 Perlapine 425 Perphenazine 1, 383 Pethidine 1, 300 Phenacaine 19 Phenacemide 1, 95 Phenacetemide Phenacetin 111... 

The low structural specificity in the local anesthetic sell us is perhaps best illustrated by phenacaine (91), a local an-i. lhetic that lacks not only the traditional ester or amide func-I ion but the basic aliphatic nitrogen as well. First prepared at I lio turn of the century, a more recent synthesis starts by con-ili iisation of p-ethoxyaniline with ethyl orthoacetate to afford I Ilf imino ether (90). Reaction of that intermediate with a sec-iiiiil mole of the aniline results in a net displacement of ethanol, inobably by an addition-elimination scheme. There is thus ob-I.lined the amidine, 91, phenacaine. 

Other chemical types are available including ethers (pramoxine), ketones (dyclonine), and phenetidin derivatives (phenacaine). 

Therapeutic Function Local anesthetic Chemical Name Ethanimidamide, N,N -bis(4-ethoxyphenyl)-Common Name Fenacaine Phenacaine Tanicaine Structural Formula ... 

Uses. Phenacaine hydrochloride has been used as a 1% aqueous solution or as a 1 or 2% ointment. 

Homatropine Methobromide Oxyphenonium Bromide Phenacaine Hydrochloride Piperazine Citrate 190d Ascorbic Acid... 

Examples Phenacaine Hydrochloride Pramoxine Hydrochloride Engenol etc. 

Condensation of ara-phenetidine and acetophenetidine in Lactim-fona in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride yields phenacaine base with the elimination of a molecule of water, which on treatment with an equimolar quantity of hydrochloric acid gives the official compound. 

It has also been suggested that certain local anaesthetics function by complexing with phospholipids in neural membrane, the resulting adduct being instrumental in blocking nerve conduction. To explore this possibility further, the local anaesthetics procaine (14), phenacaine (15), and benzo-... 

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