Phase diagrams of the 15th group elements

Element 1st ionization energy kJ/mol 2nd ionization energy kJ/mol 3rd ionization energy kJ/mol 4th ionization energy kJ/mol 5th ionization energy kJ/mol 6th ionization energy kJ/mol 

While investigating the properties of low melting metals, a specific aspect of the alloying behaviour of Bi has been studied by Guminski (1989, 1990) who compiled and discussed the data concerning the solubility of the different elements in this metal. Solubility data at 600°C have been plotted and discussed as a function of the atomic number curves showing periodic variations were obtained with trends very similar to those obtained for Hg, Ga, In, Sn and Pb (with very deep minima, for instance, for the elements in positions close to Mo and W). 

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