Perovskite as a Cathode Material

ABO3 perovskite A site B site Component in SOFC Electrical conductivity (S/cm) Ionic conductivity (S/cm) References 

Note Electrical and ionic conductivities are measured at a temperature between 650 and 1000 °C. 

One complicated issue involved in developing the structure and performance relationship for solid oxide materials is that the surface compositions of the oxide differ from its bulk composition. 

Due to the compositional inhomogeneity, it has been found that applying a significant bias on the electrode can induce changes in the resistance of a LSCF film decreasing the resistance by a cathodic treatment and vice versa increasing the resistance by an anodic treatment. XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) measurements showed that the changes in resistance were correlated with the surfece composition of Sr. The cathodic treatment increases the Sr surface composition and decreases the resistance and vice versa for an anodic treatment [41]. 

Maintaining the composition and the structure of the electrode and electrolyte to achieve long-term stable operation is highly challenging when applying new perovskite materials to the SOFC electrodes. Factors for controlling electrode degradation are summarized below  

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