Perfluorodecalin, PFD

Table 1. Physical characteristics of LPFC perfluorocyclohexan (PFE), perfluorotributylamine (PFBA), perfluoro-n-octan (PFO), perfluorodecaline (PFD) bromo perfluoro-n-octan (PFOB), perfluorophenanthren (PFPN)...

An exception is the ophthalmic use of PFCLs (see Table 1) like perfluorooctane (PFO) and perfluorodecalin (PFD). Since the introduction of PFCLs into VR surgery in the 80s [6-8], more than 2 million patients have been treated with PFCLs intra-operatively. In addition, animal studies with at least 3 months exposure have been published [9-11]. This experience based on the high number of well-documented patient cases and the consolidated findings on the effects of a longterm treatment opens the possibility of an exemplary discussion of opportunities and drawbacks of the use of highly fluorinated liquids. 

These considerations lead us to a class of compounds which one could call liquid "teflons", i.e. perfluoroalkanes. Commercially interesting examples include perfluorodecaline (PFD), perfluoromethylcyclohexane and FC 72, a mixture of isomers. Furthermore,... 

We will describe two mesoscale, self-assembling systems in which the interactions between objects are based on capillary forces. The first is based on polyhedral polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) objects at a perfluorodecalin (PFD)/H20 interface. These objects have their faces patterned to be either hydrophobic or hydrophilic, and they assemble via lateral capillary forces that originate from interactions between these faces (Fig. 4. la). The second system uses polyhedral objects that are suspended in water and have selected faces covered with a water-insoluble liquid - either a hydrophobic organic liquid or a liquid metal solder these objects assemble via capillary forces into three-dimensional (3D) structures (Fig. 4.1b). 

The study of droplet rupture and coalescence by direct visual observation has been utilized in numerous essential studies [39-43]. Of principal importance are the experimental studies by Amelina et al. on the analysis of colloid stability in artificial blood substitutes [40-43]. These studies involved the use of various nonpolar phases, including perfluo-rinated systems, such as perfluorodecalin (PFD), perfluorotributylamine (PFTBA), per-fluoromethylcyclohexylpiperidine (PFMCHP), and conventional hydrocarbons, such as heptane. Stabilizing agents included Pluronic surfactants (ethylene oxide (EO)/propylene oxide (PO) block copolymers), as well-fluorinated surfactants, such as perfluorodiisononyl-ene with 20 mol of EO (( )-PEG). Tables 4.1 and 4.2 show some very characteristic results. 

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