Patient-controlled-intranasal-analgesia

Lately, the nasal route is receiving attention for the management of postoperative pain. Mucosal administration requires only a 1.1-1.5 times higher dose of fentanyl than the intravenous dose. ° For this new application field, called PCINA (patient-controlled-intranasal-analgesia), the pharmaceutical industry demands safety precautions of the delivery device, which can be fulfilled through implementation of intelligent microelectronic features. 

Toussaint, S. Maidl, J. Schwagmaier, R. Striebel, H.W. Patient controlled intranasal analgesia (PCINA) with fentanyl for the treatment of postoperative pain. Int. Monitor 1998, 10, 63. 

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ ]

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