Passage rate

Enterolobium cyclocarpum seed passage rate and survival in horses, Costa Rican Pleistocene seed dispersal agents. Ecology 61,593-601. 

Mader, T.L., Teeter, R.G. and Horn, G.W. (1984) Comparison of forage labelling techniques for conducting passage rate studies. Journal of Animal Science 58(1), 208-212. 

Figure 1. Growth rates of human primary skin fibroblasts at high and low PD/passage rate, and 5% and 10% carbon dioxide.

Food metabolism and passage-rate studies using the inert tracer Cr have been conducted on the ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) by G. E. Duke et al. (1968) wherein the Cr was applied to food. In single-dose studies, the CrCla solution was placed on a food pellet with a pipette. Excreta were counted with a scintillation counting system. Food consumption and total excreta data permitted computation of a metabolism coefficient ... 

A food-passage-rate study in the pinfish (Lagodon rhomboides) was conducted by Peters and Hoss (1974) using e-labeled food. Cerium was selected as a tag because it is poorly assimilated. Peters and Hoss commented that other elements of the rare earth series should also serve as suitable tags and those... 

Duke, G. E., G. A. Petrides, and R. K. Ringer. 1968. Chromium-51 in food metabolizability and passage rate studies with the ring-necked pheasant. Poultry Sci. 47(4) 1356-1364. 

Cytosine Arabinoside (1-B-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, ara-C, cytara-bine) - Enzymatic phosphorylation studies confirm that ara-C and its phos-phorylated derivatives are deoxycytidine antagonists rather than cytidlne antagonists. 2 inhibition of DNA polymerase activity is considered more significant j-q antlneoplastic properties than either blocking the uptake of thymidine or the inhibition of the conversion of cytidlne diphosphate to deoxycytidine diphosphate. Ara-C rapidly kills S phase cells. It affects the passage rate of cells from S to G2 phase more than from Gl to Sl5. 

Casper, D.P., Maiga, H.A., Brouk, M.J. and D.J. Schingoethe, 1999. Synchronization of carbohydrate and protein sources on fermentation and passage rates in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 28, 1779-1790. 

The higher standard deviations at the slower passage rate are caused hy higher variability in ammonia values at 24 hours. It is still uncertain whether this variabihty is due to the experimental design or biological fluctuations in the rumen fluid. It is important that such questions are answered before the method is widely employed. 

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