Particle-to-gas volumetric ratio

In the system under consideration, the total volume of particles, Vp, is much smaller than that of the suspension, V, namely Tp V. Therefore the averaged particles-to-gas volumetric ratio for calculation can be simplified to... 

The gas sparger is a critical internal component of STRs used in gas-liquid applications. The type of sparger used depends on the ratio of volumetric gas flow to liquid volume (VVM), and the sizes of any particles present. 

Synthesis pressure, synthesis temperature, space velocity, inlet gas composition, and catalyst particle size all affect ammonia synthesis. LeChatelier s principle helps explain how synthesis pressure affects the synthesis of ammonia. As the ammonia reaction takes place, there is a decrease in volume. Thus, raising the pressure increases the equilibrium percentage of ammonia and accelerates the reaction rate. The ammonia synthesis reaction is exothermic therefore, higher temperatures increase reaction rates and thermal degradation of the catalyst. But the equilibrium amount of ammonia decreases with an increase in temperature. Space velocity, the ratio of the volumetric rate of gas at standard conditions to the volume of the catalyst, decreases the... 

We recognize here the cross-flow model for packed-beds discussed earlier in Section 5.2 (104-107). This represents its generalization for K 1. Let us consider for the moment our system to be a tube packed with nonporous catalyst particles with plug flow of gas. Then A represents the ratio of the combined maximum volumetric mass transfer rate to the catalyst surface and adsorption rate at the surface to the flow through the tube. If we know the true rate constant, for surface reaction and the partition... 

The conductivity of mesoscopic metals can be measured only by noncontact means. For this reason the particles were embedded in an insulating matrix. The manufacture of the (indium) particles was generally achieved by condensation from the gas phase in a rotating oil film [69]. This method yielded metal particles of about 20 nm that were (colloidally) dispersed in the oil matrix. By means of thermal coalescence, panicles with a diameter of up to several hundred nanometers were obtained. Thus the effective dielectric function (DF) of the heterogeneous oil-indium system was measured. At constant volumetric filling ratio it was possible to mea-... 

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