Parenteral preparations adverse effects

Glycerin is used in a wide variety of pharmaceutical formulations including oral, ophthalmic, parenteral, and topical preparations. Adverse effects are mainly due to the dehydrating properties of glycerin. ... 

Polysorbates are widely used in cosmetics, food products, and oral, parenteral, and topical pharmaceutical formulations and are generally regarded as nontoxic and nonirritant materials. There have, however, been occasional reports of hypersensitivity to polysorbates following their topical and intramuscular use. Polysorbates have also been associated with serious adverse effects, including some deaths, in low-birthweight infants intravenously administered a vitamin E preparation containing a mixture of polysorbates 20 and 80. When heated to decomposition, the polysorbates emit acrid smoke and irritating fumes. 

Adverse effects of oral iron preparations are that they cause gastrointestinal irritation including nausea, epigastric pain, diarrhoea and/or constipation. Parenteral preparations are available if oral therapy cannot be tolerated. 

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