Panellus stipticus

Table 9.2 Contents of Luciferin, the Precursor of Luciferin, and SOD, in 1 g of Fruiting Body or Mycelium of Panellus stipticus, Armillaria mellea, Pleurotus japonicus, Omphalotus olearius, Mycena lux-coeli, and Mycena citncolor (data taken from Shimomura, 1992)...

Fig. 9.2 Changes in the luminescence intensity, the contents of luciferin and SOD, and medium pH during the mycelial growth of five kinds of bioluminescent fungi Panellus stipticus, Armillaria mellea, Mycena citricolor, Pleurotus japonicus, and Omphelotus olearius. The ordinate readings of the curves marked 1/3 should be multiplied by 3. For the SOD activity, see Table 9.2, footnote e. From Shimomura, 1992, with permission from Oxford University Press.

Extraction and purification (Shimomura, 1991b). The luciferin precursors PS-A and PS-B are extracted from the dried fruiting bodies of Panellus stipticus (5 g) with methanol, and the extract is evaporated under reduced pressure to remove most of the methanol. The residue (pH 6.3) is diluted with a small amount of water and extracted with ethyl acetate, and the extract is evaporated to dryness. The precursors in the residue are purified by three steps of silica gel chromatography and one step of HPLC, while monitoring the absorbance of eluate at 220-230 nm. The procedure is summarized below ... 

Table 9.4 Absorption Characteristics and Chemiluminescence Activities of Various Compounds derived from the Fruiting Bodies of Panellus stipticus (Shimomura, 1991b)...

Fig. 9.7 Bioluminescence of Panellus stipticus fruiting body (1) fluorescence of PM-2 in the presence of CTAB upon excitation at 440 nm (2) chemiluminescence of PM-2 in the presence of CTAB (3) chemiluminescence of PM-2 in the presence of 3-(dodecyldimethylammonio)propanesulfonate (SB3-12) (4) and chemiluminescence of the hot-water treatment product of PM-1 in the presence of SB3-12 (5). Curves 2-5 were measured in 2 ml of 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) containing 0.18 mM EDTA. Chemiluminescence was elicited by the addition of 5 p.1 of 50 mM FeSC>4 and 10 xl of 10% H2O2. From Shimomura, 1991b, with permission from Oxford University Press.

Shimomura, O. (1989). Chemiluminescence of panal (a sesquiterpene) isolated from the luminous fungus Panellus stipticus. Photochem. Photobiol. 49 355-360. 

Shimomura, O. (1991b). Superoxide-triggered chemiluminescence of the extract of luminous mushroom Panellus stipticus after treatment with methylamine. J. Exp. Botany 42 555-560. 

Shimomura, O., Satoh, S., and Kishi, Y. (1993b). Structure and non-enzymatic light emission of two luciferin precursors isolated from the luminous mushroom Panellus stipticus. J. Biolumin. Chemilumin. 8 201-205. 

P. stipticus See Panellus stipticus Pachystomias, 328 Paelopatid.es, 337 Panal, 277 activation, 279 assay, 280... 

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