Palladium, tetrakis catalyst vinyl halides

Similar dicarborating cis-exo additions are achieved with up to 99 % yield if aryl or vinyl halides and various organotin compounds, such as vinyl-, phenyl-, ethynyl- and allyl(tributyl)tin systems, are added to norbornene in the presence of tetrakis(triphenylphosphane)palladium(0) or di-chlorobis(triphenylphosphane) as catalyst precursor7,30,80-81. Also reported are cis-exo dicarbo-rative additions to the norbornene skeleton, and their application to the synthesis of prostaglandin endoperoxide analogs, which employ stoichiometric amounts of palladium compounds16. 

The Heck reaction (Mizoroki-Heck reaction) is the reaction of an unsaturated halide (or triflate) with an alkene and a strong base and palladium catalyst to form a substituted alkene [41, 42]. The reaction is performed in the presence of an organo-palladium catalyst. The halide or triflate is an aryl, benzyl, or vinyl compound, and the alkene contains at least one proton and is often electron deficient, such as acrylate ester or an acrylonitrile. The catalyst can be tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium... 

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