Palladium-catalyzed arylation cross-coupling with organozinc reagents

The Negishi palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of alkenyl, aryl, and alkynyl halides with unsaturated organozinc reagents provides a versatile method for preparing stereodefined arylalkenes, arylalkynes, conjugated dienes, and conjugated... 

In another notable application of the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of nitrogen-containing organozincs, reagents derived from amino acids react with aryl halides in DMF using P(o-Tol)3, tris(ortho-tolyl)phosphine as ligand (Scheme 4.81) [5]. The approach is equally weU suited for the preparation of arylated a-amino acids [255, 256] such as 358 or fS-amino acids [257]. The use of PtBUj affords better results for the synthesis of proHno-homotryptophane derivatives [258]. 

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