P-nitrophenylcarbonyl-PEG

Torchilin VP, et al. p-Nitrophenylcarbonyl-PEG-PE-liposomes fast and simple attachment of specific ligands, including monoclonal antibodies, to distal ends of PEG chains via p-nitrophenylcarbonyl groups. Biochim Biophys Acta 2001 1511 397. 

In addition, Torchilin et al. synthesized pNP (p-nitrophenylcarbonyl)-PEG-DOPE to enable protein coupling via its amino group at the distal end of PEG mol-... 

Torchilin, V. R, Levchenko, T. S., Lukyanov, A. N., Khaw, B. A., Klibanov, A. L., Rammohan, R., Samokhin, G. P, and Whiteman, K. R. (2001), p-Nitrophenylcarbonyl-PEG-PE-liposomes Fast and simple attachmentof specific hgands, including monoclonal antibodies, to distal ends of PEG chains via p-nitrophenylcarbonyl groups, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1511, 397-411. 

An additional method to directly conjugate antibodies to the PEG terminus of liposomes without prior derivatization has been described by Torchilin et al. [128]. The amphiphilic derivate p-nitrophenylcarbonyl-PEG-l,2-dioleoyl- n-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (pNP-PEG-DOPE), which was obtained in a single step from DOPE and bis(p-nitrophenylcarbonyl)-PEG, forms stable and non-toxic carbamate bonds with ligands containing primary amines (Fig. Ik). However, one drawback is the utilization of the bis-functionalized bis(p-nitrophenylcarbonyl)-PEG, which may result in dimerization, although this side product is easily... 

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