Oxygenases peroxidase

Oxidoreductases dehydrogenase, oxidase oxygenase, peroxidase oxidation or reduction... 

A major class of enzymes that catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions. This class includes dehydrogenases, reductases, oxygenases, peroxidases, and a few synthases. Examples include alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1), aldehyde oxidase (EC 1.2.3.1), orotate reductase (EC 1.3.1.14), glutamate synthase (EC 1.4.1.14), NAD(P) transhydrogenase (EC 1.6.1.1), and glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9). 

A large number of investigations of the mechanism of electron transfer reactions of macromolecule-metal complexes in biological systems has been reported. These investigations were concerned with not only natural metalloenzymes such as cytochromes, ferredoxin, blue coppers, oxygenase, peroxidase, catalase, hemoglobin, and ruberodoxin, but also modified metalloenzymes 47). 

Oxireductases Dehydrogenases Oxidases Reductases Oxygenases Peroxidases Catalases Catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions. Important in fermentation and respiration pathways. 

Oxidoreductases Catalyze the transfer of hydrogen or oxygen atoms or electrons from one substrate to another Oxidases, oxygenases, peroxidase, dehydrogenases... 

Inhibits adenylate cyclase, Na,K-ATPase, catalase, catechol o-methyltransferase, fetredoxin-NADP reductase, glucose-6-P dehydrogenase, lipase, fatty acid oxygenase, peroxidase, cAMP phosphodiesterase, tyrosinase, urea levels. 

Oxidoreductases Oxidation or reduction Dehydrogenase, oxidase, oxygenase, peroxidase... 

Oxidoreductases catalyse oxidoreduction reactions, and include dehydrogenases, oxidases, oxygenases, peroxidase and catalase. 

In nature, oxidoreductases - oxygenases, peroxidases and oxidases - are implicated in a wide variety of degradation processes of biopolymers and xenobiotics. It is not surprising, therefore, that metal complexes of biomimetic ligands such as porphyrins and phthalocyanines... 

HcddQTiyP. Biochem. Soc. London Trans. 641st Arm. Mtg. Colloquium Plant Oxygenases, Peroxidases, and Oxidases 1992,20,373-376. 

Allen GC, Warren KD (1974) The Electronic Spectra of the Hexafluoro Complexes of the Second and Third Transition Series. 19 105-165 Alonso JA, Baibas LC (1993) Hardness of Metallic Clusters. 80 229-258 Alonso JA, Baibas LC (1987) Simple Density Functional Theory of the Electronegativity and Other Related Properties of Atoms and Ions. 66 41-78 Andersson LA, Dawson JH (1991) EXAFS Spectroscopy of Heme-Containing Oxygenases and Peroxidases. 74 1-40 Antanaitis BC, see Doi K (1988) 70 1-26... 

Andersson, L. A., Dawson, J. H. EXAFS Spectroscopy of Heme-Containing Oxygenases and Peroxidases. Vol. 74, pp. 1-40. 

The enzymatic reactions of peroxidases and oxygenases involve a two-electron oxidation of iron(III) and the formation of highly reactive [Fe O] " species with a formal oxidation state of +V. Direct (spectroscopic) evidence of the formation of a genuine iron(V) compound is elusive because of the short life times of the reactive intermediates [173, 174]. These species have been safely inferred from enzymatic considerations as the active oxidants for several oxidation reactions catalyzed by nonheme iron centers with innocent, that is, redox-inactive, ligands [175]. This conclusion is different from those known for heme peroxidases and oxygenases... 

Enzymatic hydroxylation of biological molecules is often catalyzed by hydroxylases. These types of enzymes are either oxygenases or peroxidases, in which the source of oxygen is O2 or H2O2, respectively. Cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes represent a common class of enzymes that carry out hydroxylation reactions. L-Carnitine is a metabolite isolated from many organisms and its biosynthesis begins with the enzymatic hydroxylation of trimethyllysine. The intermediate, 3-hydroxyl-e-(A(A(ALtrimethyl)-L-lysine, is further... 

A broad spectrum of chemical reactions can be catalyzed by enzymes Hydrolysis, esterification, isomerization, addition and elimination, alkylation and dealkylation, halogenation and dehalogenation, and oxidation and reduction. The last reactions are catalyzed by redox enzymes, which are classified as oxidoreductases and divided into four categories according to the oxidant they utilize and the reactions they catalyze 1) dehydrogenases (reductases), 2) oxidases, 3) oxygenases (mono- and dioxygenases), and 4) peroxidases. The latter enzymes have received extensive attention in the last years as bio catalysts for synthetic applications. Peroxidases catalyze the oxidation of aromatic compounds, oxidation of heteroatom compounds, epoxidation, and the enantio-selective reduction of racemic hydroperoxides. In this article, a short overview... 

Scheme 4. Enzymatic syntheses of epoxides using dehydrogenases, mono-oxygenases and peroxidases...

This heme-dependent enzyme [EC 1.11.1.14], also known as diarylpropane peroxidase, diarylpropane oxygenase, and ligninase I, catalyzes the reaction of 1,2-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propane-l,3-diol with hydrogen peroxide to produce veratraldehyde, l-(3,4-dimeth-ylphenyl)ethane-l,2-diol, and four water molecules. The enzyme brings about the oxidative cleavage of C—C bonds in a number of model compounds and also oxidizes benzyl alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. 

In the field of bioremediation, oxidoreductases are considered to be excellent biocatalysts for environmentally friendly processes. Laccases and peroxidases are widely used to treat effluents from pulp/cotton mills, food/fruit processing plants and breweries [1, 2, 37]. Laccases, peroxidases and other oxygenases are also being studied for their abihty to degrade hazardous coal substances, especially the sulfur-containing components, and in the treatment of industrial waste and contaminated soil and water in the transformation of xenobiotics, polycycHc aromatic hydrocarbons and other pollutants (biodetoxification and biodecontamination)... 

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