Oxidizing agents dichlorine

Halogen Oxides, Oxoacids, and Oxoanions The Group 7A(17) elements form many oxides that are powerful oxidizing agents. Dichlorine monoxide (CI2O), chlorine dioxide (CIO2, with an unpaired electron and Cl in the unusual -t-4 oxidation state), and dichlorine heptaoxide (CLOy) are important examples. 

Dichlorine heptoxide, which can be a powerful oxidizing agent, reacts with oxetane in carbon tetrachloride solution at 0°C to give a fair yield of propane-1,3-diperchlorate (equation 38). It was suggested that the mechanism involved formation of a per-chlorooxetanium ion, which subsequently reacted with perchlorate ion (75JOC81). 

A large positive value of F implies that the oxidized form of the couple is a good oxidizing agent. For example, the reduction potential for the reduction of dichlorine to aqueous chloride ion is + 1.36 V, and the reduction half-reaction ... 

Conjugated perfluorocyclohepta-1,3-dicne gives by the same epoxidation a mixture of monoepoxide 14 and diepoxycyclohcptane 15.74 Dichlorinated perfluorocyclohexa-1,3-diene 16 is selectively epoxidized to 17 by trifluoroperacetic acid in 22% yield.107 A bicyclic diene, synthesized from perfluorobenzene and 1,2-dichloroethene, is monoepoxidized to give 18 by the same oxidizing agent in 20% yield.108... 

Dichlorine is a more powerful oxidizing agent in aqueous media than Bt2 or I2, partly because of a more negative enthalpy of formation of the anion but, more importantly, because the Cl ion (which is smaller than Br or I ) interacts more strongly with solvent molecules. (In solid salt formation, the lattice energy factor similarly explains why chloride salts are more exothermic than corresponding bromides or iodides.)... 

CALCIUM PHOSPHIDE (1305-99-3) CajPj A strong reducing agent. Forms highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in moist air may spontaneously combust. Violent reaction with oxidizers, hydrochloric acid bromine, chlorine, chlorine monoxide, dichlorine oxide, fluorine, oxygen, sulfur. Violent reaction with water, steam, acids, alcohols, releasing phosphine gas and phosphine dimer, with risk of fire and/or explosion. Elevated temperatures form thick smoke and phosphoric acid. Attacks some metals and coatings. On small fires. Do not use water or foam. 

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