Oxidation of dinitrogen

Nitration with dinitrogen pentoxide (N205) has increased in its importance as an environmentally cleaner alternative to conventional procedures. It might become the nitration method of the future. Dinitrogen pentoxide can be produced either by ozone oxidation of dinitrogen tetraoxide (N204) or electrolysis of N204 dissolved in nitric acid.19... 

Pure and almost acid free N2O5 is obtained from the oxidation of dinitrogen tetroxide with ozone. 

A more efficient and economic procedure for the preparation of / -acetamido nitro compounds from alkenes, conjugated dienes and silyl enol ethers is based on the electrochemical generation of nitronium tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile solution by anodic oxidation of dinitrogen tetrox-ide, using a divided cell (Table 6, Method B)142-143. From 1,3-dienes, mixtures of regio- and diastereomers were obtained. 

Nitroacetamidation of conjugated dienes is efficient when a solution of nitronium tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile obtained by anodic oxidation of dinitrogen tetroxide is used substantial amounts of both 1,2- and 1,4-adducts are usually obtained.34 Some conjugated nitroalkenes can be readily prepared by reaction of alkenes with sodium nitrite and iodine under mild conditions (Scheme 158).347... 

The aqueous oxidation of dinitrogen to nitric acid [Eq. (10.5)] is a reaction which is very attractive to contemplate from an industrial point of view. Indeed, on thermodynamic grounds, it should have converted all the atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen to dilute nitric acid long ago, because it is exothermic. No catalyst has yet been found. 

Reduction of dinitrogen oxide to ammonia (which gives the ammonium ion with the acid) ... 

It has been considered that nitric acid was responsible for the oxidation of the nitroso compoimd, but there is recent evidence from the catalysed nitration of p-dimethoxybenzene in carbon tetrachloride that dinitrogen tetroxide is involved ... 

The brown nitrogen dioxide gas eondenses to a yellow liquid whieh freezes to eolourless erystals of dinitrogen tetroxide. Below 150°Cthe gas eonsists of moleeules of dinitrogen tetroxide and nitrogen dioxide in equilibrium and the proportion of dinitrogen tetroxide inereases as the temperature falls. Above 150°C nitrogen dioxide dissoeiates into nitrie oxide and oxygen. 

Furazan 1 was first prepared and characterized in 1964 by melting glyoxime 2 with succinic anhydride in 57% yield (64JA1863, 65JOC1854). Its A-oxide, furoxan 3, has been in a focus of attention for chemists for more than a century, but was synthesized only in 1994 by oxidation of 2 with dinitrogen tetroxide in dichloromethane in 45% yield (94MC7) (Scheme 1). The A-oxide cannot be prepared by direct oxidation of furazan. 

Determine the Lewis structure of dinitrogen oxide (NNO), a gas used as an anesthetic, a foaming agent, and a propellant for whipped cream. 

Evaluate the three potential resonance structures of dinitrogen oxide using their formal charges. The third structure shows more accumulation of formal charge than the first two. Thus, the optimal Lewis stmcture of the NNO molecule is a composite of the first two structures, but not the third ... 

A reaction of dinitrogen tetroxide with acetonitrile in the presence of indium was carried out. The technician wanted to accelerate the process by stirring the medium, causing ils detonation. This accident was put down to the vioient oxidation of the acetonitrile accumulated, by nitrogen oxide catalysed by indium. 

Rapid passage of gas into a cone, nitrate solution caused an explosion, or ignition of a slower gas stream. The explosion may have been caused by rapid oxidation of the precipitated silver phosphide derivative by the co-produced nitric acid or dinitrogen tetraoxide. 

Pure phosphine is rendered pyrophoric by traces of dinitrogen trioxide, nitrous acid, or similar oxidant. 

Interaction of nitrates when heated with amidosulfates (sulfamates) may become explosively violent owing to liberation of dinitrogen oxide and steam. 

Dinitrogen pentoxide (prepared by the oxidation of N204 with 03) in nitric acid is a potent nitration system. It can be used for nitrating aromatic compounds at lower temperatures than conventional system. It is also convenient for preparing explosives that are unstable in nitrating media containing sulfuric acid (Eq. 2.7).20... 

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