Other Metric Dimensions

In order to compare the physical dimensions of the lEC and NEMA induction motors Table 5.25 shows the comparison of the lEC standard induction motor shaft heights H and the nearest NEMA standard shaft height D, for the T frame line of NEMA induction motors. The shaft height dimension H in millimeters for the lEC standard and the D dimension in inches for the NEMA standard motors are defined as the distance from the centerline of the shaft to the bottom of the mounting feet. For other mounting dimensions, the specific metric motor should be determined. 

Structure-activity similarity (SAS) maps, first described by Shanmugasundaram and Maggiora (35), are pairwise plots of the structure similarity against the activity similarity. The resultant plot can be divided into four quadrants, allowing one to identify molecules characteristic of one of four possible behaviors smooth regions of the SAR space (rough), activity cliffs, nondescript (i.e., low structural similarity and low activity similarity), and scaffold hops (low structural similarity but high activity similarity). Recently, SAS maps have been extended to take into account multiple descriptor representations (two and three dimensions) (36, 37). In addition to SAS maps, other pairwise metrics to characterize and visualize SAR landscapes have been developed such as the structure-activity landscape index (SALI) (38) and the structure-activity index (SARI) (39). 

Pearlman and Smith have reported the receptor-relevant subspace concept [18], using ACE inhibitors as an example. They found that only 3 out of the 6 universal BCUT metrics were receptor-relevant , in that the actives clustered only in these 3 dimensions. These 3 metrics are then considered receptor-relevant and worthy of being constrained, while the other can be varied and not falsely constrained. 

Power is the rate at which energy is transferred, and therefore it has dimensions of [ML2/P]. One watt (W) is defined as 1 J/sec. Other common units are horsepower and Btu/hr. (Curiously, the metric cheval-vapeur is equivalent to only 735 W, slightly less than the U.S./British horsepower of 746 W.) See Table A-9 for interconversion factors for these units. 

The primary metrics of success for a CMP process are (1) the MRR and (2) the post-CMP defect density. But even the removal rate is made up of a complex of other factors, which have mechanisms operating from the nanoscale to the macroscale. A nanotribology view of the process would observe the individual abrasive particles in their interactions, sandwiched between the pliable pad and the exposed wafer surface. If we were to zoom out our viewpoint one order of magnitude or two, we would encounter the variations in wafer surface features (both physical dimensions and material variations) that constitute the elements of the IC device components, such as interconnect lines. 

Mentzer and Moon (2005) propose to have multidimensional metrics, in other words, metrics that cover three dimensions to sales forecasting performance, in... 

A number of other types of hydrogen-bonded interactions betw een purines and pyrimidines have been discussed recently by Donohue (14). In the absence of evidence indicating that these structures occur in nature and of thoroughly reliable information about the dimensions of the molecules, we have not thought it w orth while to carry out a detailed metrical study of these structures. 

The choice of the characteristic dimension can be nevertheless limited by other factors such as allowable pressure drop, occurrence of clogging/fouling, deviations from uniform flow distribution to individual channels, and maximization of productivity metrics based on product flow rates. For certain applications (e.g., synthesis of pharmaceuticals), larger channel diameters are also favored, since this facilitates cleaning. Beretta et al. [If] compare micropacked beds and annular microchannel reactors for intrinsic kinetic measurements at high temperature and high space velocities. The lower pressure drop and better temperature control in the coated micro-channel favored the use of the structured reactor. 

---