Ortho-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile

Shmunes, E. and Taylor, J.S. Industrial contact dermatitis. Effect of the riot control agent ortho-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile. Arch. Dermatol. 107 212-216, 1973. 

FIGURE 12.5. Chemical structure and physicochemical properties of ortho-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS). 

Chung, C.W., Giles, A.L. (1972). Sensitization of guinea pigs to alpha-chloroacetophenone (CN) and ortho-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS), tear gas chemicals. J. Immunol. 109 284-93. 

Himsworth, H., Black, D.A.K., Crawford, T. (1971). Report of the enquiry into medical and toxicological aspects of CS (ortho-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile) Part II. Enquiry into toxicological aspects of CS and its use for civil purposes. HMSO, London. 

HMSO, Report of the Enquiry into the Medical and Toxicological aspects of CS (Ortho-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile). Part 2. Enquiry into the Toxicological Aspects of CS and its use for Civil Purposes, Cmnd. 4775, Her Majesty s Stationary Office, London, 1971. 

Holland, P. and Seabright, M., Effects of CS on lymphocyte chromosome structure, in Clinical and Preclinical Studies on Ortho Chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile (CS), Technical Note Number 82, Chemical Defence Establishment, Porton Down, Wiltshire, UK, 1971. 

Wild, D., Eckhardt, K., Hamasch, D., and King, M.-T., Genotoxicity study of CS (ortho-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile) in Salmonella, Drosophila and mice. Arch. Toxicol, 54, 167-170, 1983. 

Punte, C.L., Owens, E.J., and Gutentag, P.J., Exposures to ortho-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile, Arch. Environ. Filth., 6, 72, 1963. 

Ballantyne, B. and Swanston, D.W., The irritant potential of dilute solutions of ortho-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) on the eye and tongue, Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol, 32, 266, 1973. 

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