Organometallic materials correlation techniques

Since Kosolapoff s classic summary of the chemistry of organophosphorus compounds (116), many advances in the techniques required for study of these materials have been developed. Selective displacement of halide ions and/or alkoxy (or aryloxy) groups from a phosphorus atom by organometallic reagents is a convenient process of synthetic importance for an enormous variety of organophosphorus compounds. Only within the past few years has data been made available on the mechanism of this type of reaction, but further study is necessary for a complete interpretation. We have attempted to correlate the existing information with emphasis on synthetic utility and application to the manner of displacement of halide ion and OR groups attached to phosphorus. Selection of examples for discussion is arbitrary, of course, but an attempt was made to include topics for which... 

A preparation of designed catalyst is one of the interest subjects to understand the catalysis. Efforts have been paid for the development of unique preparation method[1] those are metal cluster catalysts derived from metal carbonyls, tailored metal catalysts through organometallic processor and ultra-fine metal particle catalysts prepared by metal alkoxides, etc. These preparation methods are mainly concentrated to design the active sites on support surfaces. However, the property of support itself is also a dominant factor in order to conduct smoothly the catalytic reaction. It is known that some supports are valuable for the improvement of selectivity. For example, zeolites are often used as catalysts and supports for their regular pore structures which act effectively for the shape selective reaction[2]. In order to understand the property of support, the following factors can be pointed out besides the pore structure structure, shape, surface area, pore size, acidity, defect, etc. Since these are strongly correlated to the preparation procedure, lots of preparation techniques, therefore, have been proposed, too. Studies have been still continued to discover the preparation method of novel materials as well as zeolites[3]. 

---