Organo-nitrogen species

In reality, this very complicated process consists of hundreds of reactions. The hydrocarbon radicals are intermediate species formed during the combustion process. Prompt NOx is generally an important mechanism at lower-temperature combustion processes. Fuel NOx is formed by the direct oxidation of organo-nitrogen compounds contained in the fuel. It is given by the overall reaction ... 

The results are indicative of Langmuir adsorption on an ideal surface. If the organo-nitrogen compounds are the only strongly adsorbed species, then as a first approximation the rate of hydrodesulfurization thds can be described by the equation... 

The reaction takes place on reduction of chlorides of titanium in oxidation state (m) or (iv) by metallic potassium or alkyl-lithium with subsequent decomposition of the organo-titanium species on warming. Titanium metal alkoxide radical anion systems have also been shown to act as catalysts in the conversion of elemental nitrogen to hydrazine ... 

Although use of radio and stable isotope labels involving the trio of covalently-bonded nitrogenous functions in 3 and in 78, provided evidence that isocyano is the precursor of the isothiocyano and formamido groups [30, 81], it remains to be shown that a biosynthetic equivalent of the in vitro chemically-proven fusion process between isocyano and free sulfur (e.g., cf. Introduction) exists in the cells of sponges. In marine biota, various ionic forms of sulfur in a number of oxidation states, as well as organo-polysulfides are known. However, any association with the isonitrile group and a sulfated species has yet to be established. 

The protonation of organo-rare-earth metal species through a-bond metathesis plays a key role in many catalytic applications described below. The high reactivity of rare-earth metals for insertion of unsaturated carbon-carbon multiple bonds [18], in conjunction with smooth o-bond metathesis, allows to perform catalytic small molecule synthesis. This route is atom efficient, economic, and opens access to nitrogen-, phosphorous-, silicon-, boron-, and other heteroatom-containing molecules. The most important catalytic applications of organo-rare-earth metals involving the o-bond metathesis process will be discussed in this review. 

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