Oreina cacaliae

Oreina cacaliae) to damaged host plants. Journal of Chemical Ecology 27 647-661. 

Pasteels, j. M., M. Rowell-Rahier, T. Randoux, J. C. Braek-MAN, and D. Daloze, Pyrrolozidine alkaloids of probable host-plant origin in the pronotal and elytral secretion of the leaf beetle Oreina cacaliae, Ent. Exp. Appl, 49, 55-58 (1988). 

Larvae of the chrysomelid beetle Oreina cacaliae produce seniciphylline A -oxide (12) as a part of their defensive secretions. This pyrrolizidine alkaloid probably is derived from the alkaloids of the host plant Adenostyles leucophylla (Asteraceae Senecioneae) (Pasteels et al., 1988). 

Kalberer NM, Turlings TCJ, Rahier M (2001) Attraction of a leaf beetle Oreina cacaliae) to damaged host plants. J Chem Ecol 27 647-6... 

Oreina leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae, Coleoptera) synthesize cardenolides as part of their defensive secretions that are released from specialized exocrine glands.139,140 Some Oreina beetles sequester and secrete PAs, which are taken directly as N-oxides from their Asteraceae food plants.59 It is assumed that PA acquisition evolved in species that already possessed the ability to synthesize and store cardenolides for efficient defense.14 O. cacaliae is the only species in this family that lost the ability to synthesize cardenolides autogenously. Instead the plant-derived PA A-oxides are stored in the body (primarily in the hemolymph) and... 

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