Optimization methods parallel tempering

The feedback-optimized parallel tempering technique [26] outlined in the previous section has recently been applied to study the folding of the 36-residue chicken villin headpiece sub-domain HP-36 [27]. Since HP-36 is one of the smallest proteins with well-defined secondary and tertiary structure [28] and at the same time with 596 atoms still accessible to numerical simulations, it has recently attracted considerable interest as an example to test novel numerical techniques, including molecular dynamics [29,30] and Monte Carlo [31,32] methods. The experimentally determined structure [28] which is deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB code Ivii) is illustrated in the left panel of Fig. 6. 

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