Optical decelerator

Figure 9 Layout of the inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ICP-TOF-MS) with improved vacuum chamber and ion optics. SI, second-stage extraction lens / , repeller C, Faraday cup Gl, G2, TOF-MS entry grids FI, Y2, steering plates D1, D2, deflection plates G3, reflectron entrance grid / 1, deceleration grid / 2, reflecting grid MCP, microchannel plate. (From Ref. 27.)...

Fig. 5. Tandem quadrupole acceleration-deceleration mass spectrometer for NRMS studies. A - ion source B - quadrupole mass analyzer C - ion acceleration lens D - neutralization cell E - neutral drift region F - reionization cell G - ion deceleration lens H - energy filter I - quadrupole mass analyzer J - off-axis ion detector K - laser optics L - Ar-ion laser. Inset shows the drift region where residual precursor ions are reflected and the neutral beam overlaps with the laser beam...

Asymmetric MPV type reduction can be achieved by using a chiral Sm(III) complex 38 (Scheme 29) [93]. Several aryl methyl ketones are reduced in an excellent optical yield, up to 97%. Electronic properties of substrates profoundly affect the reactivity. For example, a p-chloro substituent in the benzene ring accelerates the reaction, whereas a p-methoxy substituent decelerates the reduction. The presence of an o-chloro or o-methoxy group effectively enhances the... 

For the experimental realization of optical cooling, which uses a collimated beam of atoms and a counterpropagating cw laser (dye laser or diode laser. Fig. 9.6) the following difficulties have to be overcome during the deceleration time the Doppler-shifted absorption frequency o) t) = k v(t) changes with the decreasing velocity V, and the atoms would come out of resonance with the monochromatic laser. 

FIGURE 14.21 Schematic of the crossed-beam scattering machine. Each decelerator has a modular design and consists of a total of 300 electric field stages. As shown in the inset, the decelerators are designed such that their exits come very close to the collision zone, while simultaneously providing excellent optical access for detection of the scattered products (design Henrik Haak). 

Fulton, R., Bishop, A.I., and Barker, P.F., Optical Stark decelerator for molecules, Phys. 

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