Ohmic dissipation effective temperature

In the quantum case, the effective temperature Teff = ( peff)-1 can be obtained from Eq. (130), an equation which also allows one to define 7 err at T 0 for 1 < 8 < 2. Since Dit) is a monotonic increasing function of T, Eq. (130) yields for reff(T, tw) a uniquely defined value, as in the Ohmic dissipation case. 

Irreversible losses cause a difference in the efficiency of reversible and real processes. These losses can be described and quantified by their irreversible entropy production. The consideration of the ohmic losses shows that the irreversible entropy production in a SOFC is smaller than in another low-temperature fuel cell. This is caused by the lower irreversible entropy production of the heat dissipated at a higher temperature. The effects of the irreversible mixing of reactants and products lead to an irreversible entropy production as well that reduce the cell voltage. The changes in the Nernst voltage can be understood by the analysis of the fuel utilisation. 

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