Offset Terms Links

Fig. 1. Batch growth and antibody production of Nicotiana tabacum (BY-1) cells in terms of pg 1 1 protein, wet cell concentrations, and dry cell concentrations. Dashed vertical lines represent the boundaries between lag, exponential, and stationary growth phases. The 4-day offset between peak concentrations for biomass and protein product indicates that growth and product formation are not directly linked...

A price-based US approach would be incompatible with the current European approach, which emphasizes emissions certainty. A further impediment to linking may come from different policies in the USA and the EU on the quantities and types of offsets (e.g. from sinks) that may be used in each system. Finally, even if the USA does not adopt these cost-containment or offset policies, it is possible that targets and allowance prices could be significantly different in the two systems. Thus, it may not be advisable to link emissions trading systems when the key features that determine short-term policy goals (e.g. target stringency and cost-containment features) are not harmonized (see, e.g., Sterk et al., 2006 Mace et al., 2008). 

SO the linear predictor is linked to the parameter via the log link function. The term ogg Xti) is called an offset. The coefficient of the offset is assumed to be one and will not be estimated. We can absorb the underlying hazard rate A by including an intercept y3o in the linear predictor. In terms of the parameters Po,---i0p the likelihood becomes... 

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