Of metal sulfonate-containing

This paper describes (a) the synthesis of metal sulfonate-containing EPDM elastomers via sulfonation through the residual unsaturation and the neutralization of the resultant sulfonic acids, and (b) the effects of molecular weight, composition, and structure on the physical properties of the resultant ionomer. 

Plasticization of Metal Sulfonate-Containing EPDM with Stearic Acid Derivatives... 

This chapter describes the effects of various stearates on the rheological, mechanical, and chemical properties of metal sulfonate-containing EPDM s. 

The commercial products contain one chlorine atom per 2-3 repeat units and about one chlorosulfonyl group per 70 repeat units. The chlorosulfonyl groups allow the elastomer to be vulcanized with metal oxides such as lead or magnesium oxide by the formation of metal sulfonate linkages ... 

The composition and structure of the base EPDM and the sulfonate content of the metal sulfonate-containing EPDM exert substantial effects on the mechanical and flow properties of ionomers. The systems discussed to this point have all contained zinc sulfonate groups. In terms of melt flow the zinc cation is the cation of choice. The metal cation borne by... 

Metal sulfonate-containing ethylene-propylene-diolefin ter-polymers (EPDM) were plasticized with stearic acid and derivatives for the reduction of the melt viscosities of these ionomers through interaction with the very strong ionic associations. Substantial improvements in melt flow were achieved with stearic acid and the zinc, lead, and ammonium stearates, while other metal stearates were ineffective. Zinc stearate and lead stearate not only markedly improved melt flow but, remarkably, also enhanced the mechanical properties of the plasticized systems. These unique additives were fully compatible with the EPDM ionomers and provided thermoelastic systems with excellent physical properties and ready processability. 

Erdi and Morawetz (8) attempted to overcome this problem by incorporating ionic groups into PS in the form of metal carboxylate-containing comonomers. When they plasticized the PS phase in these systems, they observed only a very weak physically bonded network of no substantial strength. However, the availability of these metal-sulfonated ionomers coupled with the inherently stronger associations of the metal sulfonates offer a more attractive system to test this hypothesis. Therefore, plasticized S-PS samples of varying sulfonate level were blended with DOP... 

Insoluble sulfonated pigments are made from colorants that contain a sulfonic acid group that is easily converted into an insoluble metal salt. In most cases, the sulfonic acid group is ortho to the diazo further reducing the solubilizing characteristics of the sulfonic grouping. The shade of these products is affected by the metal incorporated into the molecule and the physical characteristics of the colorants. D C Red Nos. 7 (19b) and 34 (26) are insoluble sulfonated pigments. 

Ionomer-type elastomers, containing small amounts (less than 5%) of metal carboxylate or sulfonate groups, have potential as a new class of thermoplastic elastomers. Carboxylic acid groups are introduced into polymers such as polybutadiene by copolymerization with a monomer such as acrylic or methacrylic acid. 

Electron transfer was mediated by metallic silver colloids whose surfaces contained either a strong (SH ) or a weak (CN ) nucleophile [531]. The former case is illustrated by changes in the absorption spectrum of a 1.0 x 10 4 M, deaerated solution of metallic silver particles, subsequent to the consecutive addition of 2.0 x 10 4 M NaSH and 3.0 x 10-4 M anthracene quinone sulfonic acid, AQS (Fig. 85) [506]. The origin of the intensity decrease and the broadening of the silver plasmon absorption band upon the addition of nucleophilic SH is incompletely understood. However, that an absorption... 

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