Odd alternant ions

In order for a heteroatom to have a first order effect on the stabihty of odd alternant ions the atom must be located at an active site in the ion. If the electronegativity of the heteroatom is less than that of carbon the cation, will be stabilized. The reverse is true if the heteroatom is more electronegative than carbon. 

Many investigators have tried to correlate charge shifts and electron densities by using such a linear relation 91-94). In odd alternant ions... 

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