Nymphaeaceae family

Quinolizidine alkaloids (lupine alkaloids) occur in the family Leguminosae, especially the subfamily Papilionaceae. They are also found in some species of other families such as Chenopodiaceae, Berberidaceae, Papaveraceae, Nymphaeaceae, Ranunculaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Compositae, Rubiaceae, Monimiaceae, Ericaceae, and Adociidae. 

Altogether 36 anthocyanins with one or two acetyl groups have been identified (Appendix A). The number given in parenthesis shows the number of anthocyanins reported as novel pigments in species in the various families Verbenaceae (8), Liliaceae (5), Geraniaceae (6), Vitaceae (5), Nymphaeaceae (5), Alliaceae (1), Theaceae (1), Rutaceae (1), Melastomataceae (1), Labiatae (1), Leguminosae (1), and Blechnaceae (1). 

FIGURE 10.15 The structures represent a general presentation of all the anthocyanins identified in each of the families Leguminosae, Liliaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Orchidaceae, Ranunculaceae, and Solanaceae. See Table 10.2 for abbreviations. 

Proaporphine alcaloido. P. a. are precursors of some aporphines and possess a characteristic, spiro-anne-lated five-membered ring. They can be converted to aporphine alkaloids by a dienone-phenol rearrangement of, after reduction to a dienol, by a dienol-ben-zene rearrangement. P. a. occur primarily in the plant families Euphorbiaceae, Lauraceae, Menispermaceae, Monimiaceae, Nymphaeaceae, and Papaveraceae. 

Other families known to possess isoquinoline alkaloids include the Alangiaceae, Chenopodiaceae (a family related to the Cactaceae), Fabaceae, Musaceae, Nymphaeaceae, and Sterculiaceae (Lundstrom, 1983). At least four species of the Chenopodiaceae contain isoquinoline alkaloids, whereas other species contain P-phenylethylamines. Many of the plants that contain benzylisoquinoline alkaloids also contain smaller amounts of isoquinoline alkaloids. Among these are plants belonging to the Annonaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fuma-riaceae, Hemandiaceae, Menispermaceae, Monimiaceae, Papaveraceae, Ranunculaceae, and Rhamnaceae (Lundstrom, 1983). The distribution of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids is discussed in more detail below. 

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