Nucleus grain formation

If the lifetime of a single silver atom in or on the silver halide grain is only a small fraction of a second, as assumed in some detailed formulations of latent image growth, silver atoms could form, dissociate, re-form, and so on, many times before the final formation of silver at a growing nucleus site. If, however, the lifetime is of the order of seconds, the dissociation and re-formation sequence is less attractive as a means of transporting silver atoms on or in the crystal. An alternative is the migration of the undissociated silver atom... 

Pellet formation essentially involves three steps nucleation (consolidation of several grains into a nucleus), transition (joining of several nuclei to form larger entities), and ball growth (growth... 

The formation of the polycrystal nucleus with defects distributed among the crystal grains with low atomic density and change interatomic distances. In addition, the grain boundaries are non-equilibrium and contain a great number of grain-boundary defects. 

Starting from the polymerization depth the formation of new polymeric chains will stop, since each new chain in its propagation will be attached compulsory to at least one link of the former formed macromolecule with the formation of the joint with its particle. It can be assumed that each primary chain is a nucleus of the isolated particle in the solution of an oligomer. The maximum quantity of the isolated grains that can be accumulated in the system until the moment is reached is equal to... 

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