Nucleotides naming

Base name Nucleoside name1 (base + sugar) Nucleotide name 1 (base + sugar + phosphate)... 

In nature, eight common nucleotides exist, four found in DNA and four in RNA. In the standard abbreviations for DNA nucleotides, a lowercase d specifies the presence of deoxyribose. RNA nucleotides lack this designation. Nucleosides have names of one word (e.g., deoxyadenosine, cytidine, and uridine). The ending monophosphate completes the nucleotide names. Table 16.1 lists correct names for all common nucleotides and nucleosides, and Figure 16.9 shows linkages and structures for all eight nucleotides. 

For this simulation we took again the model as was used for the previous calculations of the steady state adenine nucleotides, namely, oxidative phosphorylation with an attached load plus the adenylate kinase reaction. The only modification introduced into this scheme now was to consider a fluctuating rather than a constant load conductance. In order to arrive at a realistic description, a stationary process with a Lorentzian... 

Levene discovered that, on hydrolyzing ribosenucleic acid with boiling 2% sulfuric acid under reflux during two hours, the purine nucleotides are decomposed but the two pyrimidine nucleotides, namely uridylic and cytidylic acids, are resistant to this treatment. He succeeded in separating the mixture of pyrimidine nucleotides, through the barium salts, into crystalline barium uridylate and amorphous barium cytidylate, in the same year that Thannhauser crystallized brucine uridylate. Finally, in 1920, Levene reported the crystallization of the free pyrimidine nucleotides. On neutral hydrolysis they yield uridine and cytidine, respectively. 

Table 27-1 gives the nomenclature of purine and pyrimidine nucleosides and nucleotides. Names of purine nucleosides end in -osine, whereas those of pyrimidine nucleosides end in -idine guanine nucleoside is guanosine and should not be confused with guanidine, which is not a nucleic acid base thymidine is a deoxyriboside. 

See also Nucleic Acids, Nucleoside and Nucleotide Naming, Phosphodiester Bonds, RNA, Proteins... 

See also Nucleoside and Nucleotide Naming, mRNA, Background on Transcription (from Chapter... 

---