Nuclear gamma rays, resonant absorption

Mossbauer spectroscopy measures the resonant absorption of nuclear gamma rays involved with transitions between the ground and excited states of atomic nuclei with nonzero angular momenta. The precise energy of such transitions is... 

Morgado et al., The Effects of Proton Beam Quality on the Production of Gamma Rays For Nuclear Resonance Absorption in Nitrogen, in Substance Detection Systems, G.L. Harding, R. C. Lanza, and L.J. Myers, Editors, Proceedings SPIE 2092, (1994) 503. 

D. Vartsky, G. Engler, M. B. Goldberg, R. A. Krauss, A Method for Detection of Explosives Based on Nuclear Resonance Absorption of Gamma Rays in 14N, SPIE, Vol. 2092, Substance Detection Systems (1993) 307. 

On-line moisture monitors, which are based on infra-red absorption, nuclear magnetic resonance, capacitance and microwave attenuation are used in numerous process industries. The applicability of these techniques to the coal preparation industry has been reviewed (13,14). The CONAC and "Elemental Analyzer" units use a microwave attenuation method for the moisture measurement. This information is used to correct the PNAA hydrogen assay data in order to calculate the hydrogen content of the coal. Kay-Ray, Inc., (Arlington Heights, Illinois) has developed an instrument that measures the moisture content of a coke stream and uses a combination of microwave and gamma ray attenuation measurements. 

The typical Mossbauer spectroscopy experiment described above is depicted in Figure 1.3. Resonant absorption occurs when the energy of the gamma ray just matches the nuclear transition energy for a Mossbauer... 

The discovery of the resonant absorption of gamma-rays in lr by Rudolf Mossbauer in 1958 was a milestone in nuclear physics because it was formerly assumed that such a phenomenon could never occur due to the large recoil energies involved. The interest for this new finding was nevertheless still limited in the first years, but, a real breakthrough emerged from the fact that many isotopes showed a larger and much more sensitive effect. So, a new technique, called Mossbauer spectroscopy, was bom. The most important feature of this spectroscopic method is the extreme sharpness of the emission line which can easily be... 

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