Normal-incidence X-ray standing wave

It was nevertheless important to verify this unusual structure by independent experimental methods. This was achieved by a normal-incidence x-ray standing wave (NIXSW) [45, 49] study in 1992, a LEED study [17] in 1994, and in an STM study [50] in 1995. Fig. 7 shows a comparison of experimental LEED spectra with spectra calculated for the Al(l 11)—( 3 x, /3)/ 30°—Na structure with Na atoms adsorbed in substitutional sites. 

Woodruff DP (1998) Normal incidence X-ray standing wave determination of adsorbate structures. Prog Surf Sci 57 1-60... 

Acronyms XSW X-ray standing wave, NIXSW normal incidence X-ray standing wave. 

Kroger L, Stadtmuller B, Kleimann C, Pajpunt P, Kumpf C (2011) Normal-incidence x-ray standing-wave study of copper phthalocyanine submonolayers on Cu(lll) and Au(lll). Phys Rev B 83 195414-195422... 

Recently, the method has been combined with an energy-resolved detection of the corresponding photoelectrons, which makes it possible to determine the geometric position of one type of atom in different chemical environments separately. Eor example in the case of PF3 adsorbed on Ni(lll) this so called chemical-shift normal incidence X-ray standing wave (CS-NIXSW) technique makes it possible to determine the position of three different P-species independently [99JAC]. 

Figure 3.2.2.22 Normal-incidence X-ray standing wave method used for locating the bonding site of the sulfur atom in methylthi-olate adsorbed on Au(lll) (a) top and side views of a cluster model for the adsorbate structure, showing only substrate and sulfur atoms, and indicating also the X-ray standing wave in the bottom drawing, (b) The top...

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