Nonexplosive Energy Sources

Measure soil stratification Estimate soil types Identify irregulatities Lateral variability 

The Vibroseis system functions by the use of continuous energy signals rather than individual pulses. Vibrations are generated hydraulically and are directed toward the seabed by means of transducers. In operahon, four transducers are usually towed behind a vessel at a depth of about 13.5 m. The transducers are synchronized with a prerecorded reference signal. The reflected signals are then recorded in the conventional manner (Dobrin, 1976 Kearey et al., 2002). 

Seismic energy pulses are created through the Aquapulse system by confining the detonation of a mixture of propane and oxygen in an elastic-walled container. The combustion products are vented indirectly to prevent the formation of bubble pulses. Four Aquapulse units are commonly towed in a rectangular array behind a vessel and are fired simultaneously at depths from 11 to 15 m (Dobrin, 1976 Kearey et al., 2002). 

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Precaution Nonexplosive under normal handling/storage, however, explosions can be caused in air cones, above 50 g/cm with a high energy ignition source may smolder above 300 C avoid contact with strong... 

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