Non-Linear Sorption, Irreversibility

Investigations on the reversibility of adsorption equilibria of heavy metals by Lion et al. (1982) indicate that their behaviour is strongly different in natural sediments compared to the experience on well-characterized solid surfaces. It is suggested that reduced reversibility for metals such as lead and copper is mainly the effect of hydrolysis and specific adsorption (Forstner, 1986). 

Chlorinated phenols, hydrophobic weak acids (category b in Chapter 2.3) exhibiting octanol/water partition coefficients between 10 and 

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