Nitrogen-rich molecules

A third class of highly energetic materials is always endothermic and is called nitrogen-rich molecules (Tab. 9.1). The reasons why nitrogen-rich molecules are particularly interesting as highly energetic compounds will be considered in more detail in the next section. 

In order to stabilize nitrogen-rich molecules, n aromatic delocahzation may be used. In this context five-membered heterocycles with three N atoms - triazoles -, four N atoms - tetrazoles -, and five N atoms - pentazoles - play an important role (Fig. 7). While triazoles often do not possess enough intrinsic energy to be suitable candidates for high explosives, pentazole derivatives are usually either far too sensitive and unstable for any application or need to be kinetically stabilized by bulky groups, which reduce the nitrogen con-... 

The chemistry of elemental sulfur and sulfur-rich molecules including polysulfides in liquid ammonia [82] and in primary as well as secondary amines [83] is complex because of the possible formation of sulfur-nitrogen compounds. Therefore, polysulfide solutions in these solvents will not be discussed here. Inert solvents which have often been used are dimethylfor-mamide (DMF) [84-86], tetrahydrofuran (THF) [87], dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) [87], and hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPA) [86, 88]. 

One synthetic approach is to synthesize nitrogen-rich compounds (N > 60 %), which also contain oxidizing groups (e.g. nitro — N02, nitrimino =N -N02, Fig. 9.6), in order to achieve the best possible oxygen balance (Q). This is important because in principal, it is always better to have the oxidizer and fuel combined in one molecule (in contrast to mixtures), because this generally results in superior... 

If you want to know what low-oxygen environments are like, visit swamps and sewers. This shows that most people don t really want to know what low-oxygen environments are like. CH (methane) itself doesn t smell like much, but it s usually accompanied by the other common hydrogen-rich molecules nitrogen as NHj (ammonia) and sulfur as H S (hydrogen sulfide). These you can smell very well, and the smell pushes you away. 

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