Nitrogen residue chemical composition

We observed similar decarbonization when we pyrolyzed PNMS, ONMS, APNMS, and APNES in the presence of ammonia. The ceramic yields and chemical compositions are shown in Table 4. The pyrolysis of ONMS and PNMS in the presence of ammonia provides an amorphous silicon nitride with a highly reduced level of residual carbon relative to those obtained by pyrolysis in nitrogen. The amount of elemental carbon can be lower than 1 wt%. 

Another example of the application of thermogravimetry is in the characterization of coal. A TGA thermal curve for a coal sample heated in nitrogen or some other inert atmosphere indicates, in a single analysis, the percentage of volatiles present and the fixed carbon if the atmosphere in the TGA is then automatically switched to air, the fixed carbon will bum and the amount of ash in the coal is determined as the residue left. This is very valuable information in the characterization of the quality of the coal and for its handling and subsequent use. Coals vary in their volatiles content and in their carbon content. Coals often contain a considerable amount of volatile material. The composition of this volatile material is variable and may contain valuable chemicals that can be used in the pharmacentical industry, the dyestuff industry, and the chemical industry. Of course it can be used as a fuel, coal gas. The newest form of carbon to be discovered, C< o called buckminsterfullerene. 

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